Proportional Circle Map

http://mapmaker.rutgers.edu/355/links.html

Proportional Circle maps use incremental sizes of circles to display frequency of a phenomenon on a map such as population density. These types of maps could be used by ecologists to map the population densities of animal species across on area because this type of map has very large margins of error.

Choropleth Map

http://my.ilstu.edu/~jrcarter/Geo204/Choro/Tom/

Choropleth maps are best for showing ranges of nominal data in predetermined units of area. For example, in this map, we can see precentages(nominal) of Hispanic people in each county(areal unit). I believe the downside to this map is that it can be misconstrued into non-congruent areal units.

Dot Distribution Map

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Snow-cholera-map-1.jpg

Dot Distribution Maps use dots to show presence and frequency of a specific characteristic. In my Medicine and Society class, we learned about the Cholera Epidemic and how, at first, professionals were unsure of how the the sickness was spreading until one doctor, John Snow, created a dot distribution map showing the evident cases of Cholera. This map shows that the disease was concentrated on Broad Street and he was able to infer that the disease was being spread through the water pump on Broad St after shutting down the pump. Unfortunately, despite his methods, his theory was widely regarded as ludicrous.

Propaganda Map

https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhdA0DeYY83oCqPTGCS99WUpc1ZkcSR_Pgaux_9U6ooglgFEbcQ_cMsrFwZPtFHLW0w63kIdhM0D5goon3tCq-Xnqb3TBNsjV8h4V6PNeB8G9rCjwE9zd8mYYZa2psn-wawkR-WQuSzr9s/s1600/japan+propaganda+map+1905.jpg

Propaganda maps are any maps that exaggerate specific properties of a map in order to propagate a message. Artists and Cartographers can do this by personifying the countries depicted or, in this case, representing the country as an octopus to show how its "tentacles" reach out to influence other countries.

Hypsometric Map

http://www.nasa.gov/centers/ames/news/features/2009/Google_Moon.html

Htpsometric maps are a type of map that use colored shading to depict changes in land elevation. In this hypsometric map of the Moon, we see areas of depression depicted by the blue coloring and higher elevations depicted by red. This form of contouring is most useful for imaging at a quick glance and less for mathematically scientific purposes. Similar to hypsometric mapping, bathymetric mapping shows changes in oceanic floor elevations.

Public Land Survey System

http://www.howardcountymemory.net/default.aspx?id=12830

The Public Land Survey System is used by the Federal Government to divide land for the citizens and most of which has been sold to private owners. The PLSS does not include the original 13 colonies nor does it include Texas. Using the PLSS, land is normally divided into 6 mile by 6 mile squares anda within those plots, subdivided into one square mile plots.